Chapter 2

1. Their (Ms Mossop, Laura Davidson, Joseph) Attitudes towards Tom Leyton are the same in some ways however Laura has a bit more of a sympathetic attitude towards Tom where as Ms Mossop has a disgusted attitude towards Tom. Josephs attitude is molded by the gossip and rumors Ms Mossop tells about Tom.

2. Josephs reaction is at first surprised as he thought that caroline was going to suggest herself, the his reaction turns to fear as everything he knows about Tom Leyton is scary and bad.

3. Joseph's Father is someone that Joseph does not feel comfortable talking about he obviously misses him as he had to wipe away the tears forming in his eyes, he responds to the subject but trying to stay quiet and not say much as well as changing the subject.

Chapter One

Questions:

1. Joseph is experiencing feeling and emotions such as regret, as he thinks about why it happened and he thinks its his fault, loss, as someone has passed (does not tell you who), sadness, as he is upset about what is happening and where he is and he is scared of his neighbour and his house.

2. He does not know why silkworms came into his mind, however this time he did as trying to unravel the tangled threads of the past was like unwinding the silk from a silkworm cocoon.

3. the three men he saw the faces of are his father, the last time he looked upon his face, bewildered, hurt and angry, Tom Leyton's silent as stone, hidden deep within the shadows of his room and finally he saw the face of the running man , his eyes burning with desperate fire.

4.The simile is stoned face and the effect it has is that he doesn't socialise and never talks as well as keeps things to himself.

The Running Man

At fourteen, Joseph Davidson is quiet, self-conscious and a talented artist. His world changes however, when he is asked to draw a portrait of his mysterious neighbour Tom Leyton, a Vietnam veteran who, for thirty years, has lived alone with his sister Caroline, raising his silkworms and hiding from prying eyes. He soon realises that in order to truly draw Tom Leyton, he must find the courage to unlock the man’s dark and perhaps dangerous secrets. As Joseph moves deeper and deeper into his neighbour’s world he confronts not only Tom Leyton’s private hell, but also his own relationship with his father, and ultimately, the dishevelled, lurching figure from his past.

Aussies In the Vietnam War

The Vietnam War was the longest major conflict in which Australians have been involved; it lasted ten years, from 1962 to 1972, and involved some 60,000 personnel. A limited initial commitment of just 30 military advisers grew to include a battalion in 1965 and finally, in 1966, a task force. Each of the three services was involved, but the dominant role was played by the Army.

In the early years Australia’s participation in the war was not widely opposed. But as the commitment grew, as conscripts began to make up a large percentage of those being deployed and killed, and as the public increasingly came to believe that the war was being lost, opposition grew until, in the early 1970s, more than 200,000 people marched in the streets of Australia’s major cities in protest.

By this time the United States Government had embarked on a policy of ‘Vietnamisation’ - withdrawing its own troops from the country while passing responsibility for the prosecution and conduct of the war to South Vietnamese forces. Australia too was winding down its commitment and the last combat troops came home in March 1972. The RAAF, however, sent personnel back to Vietnam in 1975 to assist in evacuations and humanitarian work during the war's final days. Involvement in the war cost more than 500 Australian servicemen their lives, while some 3,000 were wounded, otherwise injured or were victims of illness.

The South Vietnamese fought on for just over three years before the capital, Saigon, fell to North Vietnamese forces in April 1975, bringing an end to the war which by then had spilled over into neighbouring Cambodia and Laos. Millions lost their lives, millions more were made refugees and the disaster that befell the region continues to reverberate today. For Australia the Vietnam War was the cause of the greatest social and political dissent since the conscription referenda of the First World War.

I Was Only 19 (Song Title)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gmgwx77osw

The Silkworm

The silkworm is the larva or caterpillar of the domesticated silkmoth, Bombyx mori (Latin: 'silkworm of the mulberry tree'). It is an important economic insect since it is the producer of silk. A silkworm's preferred food is white mulberry leaves, but it may also eat the leaves of any other mulberry tree as well as the Osage Orange. It is entirely dependent on humans for its reproduction and does not occur naturally in the wild. Sericulture, the practice of breeding silkworms for the production of raw silk, has been underway for at least 5,000 years in China, from where it spread to Korea and Japan, and later to India and the West. Eggs take about fourteen days to hatch into larvae, which eat continuously. They have a preference for white mulberry, having an attraction to the mulberry oderant cis-jasmone. They are not monophagous since they can eat other species of Morus as well as some other Moraceae. Hatchlings and second-instar larvae are called kego and chawki in India. They are covered with tiny black hairs. When the color of their heads turns darker, it indicates that they are about to molt. After molting, the instar phase of the silkworm emerges white, naked, and with little horns on the backs. After they have molted four times (in the fifth instar phase), their bodies become slightly yellow and the skin become tighter. The larvae will then enter the pupa phase of their life cycle and enclose themselves in a cocoon made up of raw silk produced by the salivary glands. The cocoon provides a vital layer of protection during the vulnerable, almost motionless pupal state. Many other Lepidopteraproduce cocoons, but only a few—the Bombycidae, in particular the Bombyx genus, and the Saturniidae, in particular the Antheraea genus—have been exploited for fabric production. If the animal is allowed to survive after spinning its cocoon and through the pupa phase of its life cycle, it will release proteolytic enzymesto make a hole in the cocoon so that it can emerge as a moth. These enzymes are destructive to the silk and can cause the silk fibers to break down from over a mile in length to segments of random length, and ruins the silk threads. To prevent this, silkworm cocoons are boiled. The heat kills the silkworms and the water makes the cocoons easier to unravel. Often, the silkworm itself is eaten.During the life cycle the moth cannot fly.Silkmoths have a wingspan of 3–5 cm and a white hairy body. Females are about two to three times the bulkier than males (for they are carrying many eggs), but are similarly colored. Adult Bombycidaes have reduced mouth parts and do not feed, though a human caretaker can also feed them.